BEE Partner, South Africa Economy Watch

It is important for a government to fully understand the competitive dynamics of the global environment if it is to successfully take the country and its people forward. A political leader who is able to think and act locally, but is unable to do so on a global basis, is a liability to the development of the country. Advancing a country’s interests is all about economic and social development. A government that cannot create the right kind of climate for coordinated development is failing in its duty — not only to its electorate, but also to every single stakeholder. More and more national stakeholders throughout the world’s nations are beginning to demand this from their political leaders. Scotland is a good example. It has a mature, service-dominated economy with a proud tradition in all aspects of human endeavour far beyond its size or population. Yet the Scottish business sector recently challenged the nation’s political leaders, who themselves often call for domestic firms to become more globally competitive, to raise their own standards and play a greater role in assisting the country to advance its global competitiveness.” Read the rest of this entry »

The strength of a country and/or a business organisation, and therefore the strength of its strategy, is created by its human capital. At the heart of strategic thinking lies the purpose of preserving the environment: at the macro-level, preservation of the economy, whilst, at the micro-level, preservation of the industry participants. Few firms think about this. Individual agendas focus on maximising profits and, in neo-liberal market economics, maximising shareholder value at the expense of social values. Yet contributing towards industry and economic preservation benefits a nation in the long term and gives it economic strength, as well as the wherewithal for competing on the global stage. Read the rest of this entry »

Sun Tzu’s advice to make one’s position unassailable assumes critical proportions for an emerging nation like South Africa, faced with stiff global competition not only from the well-established and First World nations of the world, but also from other developing countries. The world’s more advanced and wealthy nations are deeply entrenched in the global system, and manipulate it for their own benefit. They virtually control it, and have often come under intense criticism for practising double standards, particularly in their application of such issues as, for example, international trade.’

Other emerging nations, as well as the poorer countries of the world, also want their slice of the global pie and their share of global resources. They too possess a desire to improve the standard of living of their citizens, thereby improving their position in the global (or at least their region’s) economic rankings. For any emerging nation to successfully play the globalisation game, there are a number of strategic principles, identified by Sun Tzu, that should be followed. Read the rest of this entry »

If South Africa wishes to become a highly successful emerging nation, one that can seriously challenge for position in the world economic rankings and have its business corporations develop _agreater sense of competitiveness, a change in strategic outlook at both government and corporate level is required. This aims to outline the kind of approach an emerging nation like South Africa needs in order to enhance its competitive prowess at both national and corporate level.

Before a home-grown business organisation in an emerging economy can achieve a higher level of competitiveness, the condition_sin that country have to be conducive to competitive thinking.’ Read the rest of this entry »

Wing says that, since the time of Sun Tzu, the major conflict experienced throughout the world has remained the same, namely the struggle for ideological supremacy and the control of resources.’ In nation-states, and especially in the current global environment, _competition takes place for people, materials, technology and/or financial resources. A key principle in making one’s position unassailable is for the government of the day to view its nation as a complete and interdependable entity, and to take steps to ensure it survives as such. Sun Tzu said that it is not individually, but altogether, as a single and complete entity, that the people of the world face survival or extinction.’ Read the rest of this entry »

Investment No.1: Invest in time and resources that take a global viewpoint

This does not necessarily mean having business representation in multiple geographies, but it does mean treating the world globally and not multi-domestically. South African business organisations need to take a global view of their business and understand the global dynamics of their industries, especially in relation to the development and implementation of company strategy and the search for competitive advantage. Even companies that are operating purely in the domestic business environment have to take this approach, as globalisation will impact on the way they do business. Part of this global viewpoint is being realistic. Read the rest of this entry »

One of the major problems facing strategic thinkers is the whole issue of competitive advantage. According to strategy guru Richard D’Aveni, in most industries the days of permanent competitive advantages are long gone, because of the nature of what he calls `hypercompetition’.² D’Aveni contends that the best one can hope for is an ongoing series of temporary advantages, and that that is wh_atstrategists should be aiming at. This has led many organisations to move from seeking immediate competitive advantage to the development of long-term relationships with customers in the belief that opportunities for the creation of advantage will arise within the relationship. Allied to this is the belief that customers are company assets that need nurturing, rather than income sources that are there to be exploited. Also, more organisations are beginning to place greater value on customer advocates than on powerful management teams. In terms of customer loyalty, greater emphasis is being placed on moving customers up the loyalty ladder, until they becom_e advocates of the company and its products.’ Read the rest of this entry »

3. Support meritocracy

Local companies coming from a previously isolated and uncompetitive economy that now find themselves competing with the world’s best need to develop a culture of recruiting and retaining the best brains available. They also have to consistently reinvest in their human capital. Global players such as Unilever, Shell, Toyota, SABMiller and the Fortune 500-listed organisations, which are pretty well entrenched in the global arena, have a larger pool of talent available to them because of the size of their operations and global reach. For home-grown South African organisations, the competition for human capital intensifies, as the brightest stars either emigrate or join the global players, who can give them access to their new employer’s global network. Read the rest of this entry »

Much strategic thinking in this country is also one-dimensional in nature. Many managers often go ahead and develop what they term a ‘strategy‘ from one perspective only — usually their own, and in terms of what they would like to achieve. The result is often a set of glorified objectives, or a vision established in emotive terms with scant regard for the opposition. Managers may take into accou_ntcertain aspects of the business environment, but few know how togather and utilise the information required to move their organisatio_ninto a position of superiority. The result is strategic myopia. Read the rest of this entry »

The global challenge currently facing every single South African business organisation will test their ability and endurance at competing in the global environment. Faced with competition from global firms whose managers are used to competing at the highest level, the new breed of South African manager, which is slowly beginning to emerge, will need to be `sharper, ^,flicker and more strategically, competent than his or her predecessors, who had very little competition to contend with. To give managers any chance of success, companies are going to have to overhaul their approach to strategic thinking. Read the rest of this entry »

2. Global reach

Q Is South Africa’s reputation as a nation to buy into — whether the customer is a foreign investor, a tourist, a potential immigrant or from one of the other customer categories — strong and solid throughout the world? In this context, can branding be a powerful tool? Finland, for example, embarked on a successful campaign to enhance its image and position as a country associated with hi-tech innovation. It wanted to assist its companies to become more competitive in the United States, and used branding to improve its image. Read the rest of this entry »

In each of the customer segments mentioned above, the ‘product’ has to be right so that the customer has a great experience of the country relative to the experience that can be gained elsewhere. For example, tourists not only want to enjoy the natural beauty and amenities of our country, but want to know that they will not be mugged on Durban’s beachfront, or attacked in their hotels in Johannesburg. They will also expect to be treated properly by customs officials at the various points of entry and exit. Should they embark on a tour of the country, they should feel confident that their lives would not be at risk owing to unscrupulous tour companies who put unroadworthy vehicles driven by inexperienced drivers on the road. Read the rest of this entry »

SUGGESTIONS FOR THE FUTURE

A number of salient issues and suggestions have emerged, which could form the basis of debate on the future of our country’s prosperity in the global arena:

Suggestion 1

Make The Art of War compulsory reading for all South African political and business leaders. It should also be part of the curricula in our business schools and universities, to help teach students to think strategically and competitively. Read the rest of this entry »

Scenario No. 2

During 2004, the likelihood of a pan-Asian integrated economic and free trade arrangement came a step closer to fruition. At the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) summit in Laos, a number of important linkages took place, which will have far- reaching ramifications for the intensification of global competition between nations, and globalisation in general.’ China signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with ASEAN (which consists of Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam) at the summit. This will soon be followed by Japan, India and Korea. Japan, Korea and China are also considering an FTA amongst themselves, whilst India is contemplating an FTA with China. What appears to be emerging is an FTA between Japan, ASEAN, China, India and Korea, or what is being touted as JACIK. Analysts are predicting the expansion of ASEAN into a broader Asian economic community. Read the rest of this entry »

There are signs everywhere for South Africa’s government, its business corporations and its people concerning the trends in and the effects of globalisation. These signs point to the steps being taken by other nations to help them cope with global competition. In other words, clues are emerging on what others are doing to become and remain globally competitive. Everywhere one looks, the indications are that global competition is not only intensifying, but that it is also accelerating at an ever-increasing rate. This adds to the extreme pressure that already exists for the world’s governments and companies to perform and to add value to the lives of their constituents and customers. Read the rest of this entry »